Mussolini, like many others, felt that Italy had been badly remunerated at the Versailles Treaty for its war effort and that the Treaty of London of 1915 which had brought it into the war had not been adhered to. The fascist party had been founded by Mussolini as the Fasci di Combattimento in 1919 as a response to the growing resentment over the war and liberal government’s failure to tackle the post-war economic crisis which saw unemployment reach 2 million. In Italy, Mussolini came to power in 1922 following his “March on Rome” which pressurised King Victor Emmanuel to invite him to form a government. The student’s essay is followed by a ‘Things to note’ section in which I reflect on what is bad and what is good about the student’s answer, and what lessons should be drawn from it in tackling compare and contrast questions for IB History. The student has used Mao’s China and Mussolini’s Italy as their two case studies. Discuss this statement with reference to two authoritarian states from different regions. ‘Authoritarian states can be most clearly distinguished from each other by their ideologies since the methods they pursue to acquire power often coincide’. Otherwise, you will not be answering the question, which requires direct point by point comparison of the two case studies to establish where/how far they are similar and where/how far they are different.Ĭheck that your first sentence (the ‘key’ sentence) of each paragraph of your essay is making a statement that directly and explicitly relates to a similarity or difference between the two authoritarian states or democratic states or wars that you are writing about.Īn example of an IB History student’s answer to a ‘compare and contrast’ questionīelow, you will see an IB History student’s essay on a question relating to authoritarian states: Do NOT have the first half of your essay discussing one of your two case studies and the other half discussing the other case study. Structure your essay into paragraphs that directly examine either similarities or differences (obviously you need to look at both). Do this instead of just thinking about what information you will include. Make sure that when you spend the first few minutes of the exam planning your answer, you decide on what are the key similarities (compare) and the key differences (contrast) that you will structure your answer around.
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